Therefore the applied lecithin concentrations in this paper were chosen higher than its CMC. The lecithin critical micelle concentration (CMC) is 5 × 10 −9 m. This can also encapsulate and stabilise the silver nanoparticles in the solution. Lecithin is a biosurfactant forming a spherical structure faced by an aqueous phase solution creating a liposome structure. The silver nanoparticles were synthesised in an aqueous system by using lecithin as stabilising agent. 2.2 Synthesis of the silver nanoparticles Deionised water was used for the preparation of all the solutions during the silver nanoparticles synthesis. Silver nitrate (AgNO 3 extra pure, > 99.8%), sodium borohydride (NaBH 4, 99.9%) from Merck and lecithin (Lipoid ® S 75) from lipoid were used. The aim of this paper is to investigate the stability of the colloidal silver nanoparticles suspensions at various lecithin concentrations and the wide temperature range of the loading of the silver nanoparticles on a textile substrate. It is found that the optical and the bacterial properties of these stabilised silver nanoparticles significantly depend on their stability. The antibacterial properties of the silver nanoparticles are enhanced by synthesising them at various lecithin concentrations as a stabilising agent. It was also reported that phosphorylcholine can be a good stabilising agent for the silver nanoparticles at a high salt concentration. The dissolution and the aggregation kinetics of the silver nanoparticles in the presence of nitric acid and a range of several electrolyte types were investigated and reported that the silver nanoparticles are aggregated when introduced to a high salt concentration. The stability of the colloidal silver nanoparticles is determined by their size and surface characteristics including surface charge distribution and directly depends on their chemical form. In all the cases, the colloidal silver nanoparticles have to be stable at the applied temperature. Silver nanoparticles can be synthesised ex-situ and loaded on a textile substrate through exhaustion, pad-dry-cure or can be simultaneously synthesised and loaded as an in-situ method. Several investigations have been conducted on the application of the silver nanoparticles in various industries as well as textiles because of their good antibacterial properties. Furthermore, these properties depend on the colloidal stability of the silver nanoparticles. These properties significantly depend on the size and the shape of the silver nanoparticles, which are closely related to the synthesis method and the type of stabilising agents. Silver nanoparticles because of their unique optical, magnetic, catalytic and antibacterial properties, have various applications in different fields. Silver nanoparticles present with colloidal properties when they are in a liquid system. The stability of a colloidal suspension is the most important aspect of its final use. The size of the stabilised silver nanoparticles reduced from 38 to 36 nm during increasing temperature, which confirmed good stability. The results indicated that increasing temperature caused different changes in the size of the stabilised and the unstabilised silver nanoparticles. In addition, the morphology of the synthesised silver nanoparticles was investigated with the low-voltage scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The effect of the lecithin concentrations on the stability of the synthesised silver nanoparticles was examined from 25 to 80☌ at 5☌ intervals, by recording the changes in the UV–vis absorption spectra, the hydrodynamic diameter and the light scattering intensity of the silver nanoparticles. In this study, the colloidal solutions of the silver nanoparticles were synthesised by a simple and safe method by using lecithin as a stabilising agent and their stability was examined at various temperatures. The use of silver nanoparticle on various substrates has been widespread because of its good antibacterial properties that directly depend on the stability of the silver nanoparticles in a colloidal suspension. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution.IET Electrical Systems in Transportation. IET Cyber-Physical Systems: Theory & Applications.IET Collaborative Intelligent Manufacturing.CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology.
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